Ouranos

Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaptation to Climate Change

Impacts & adaptationBuilt Environment

Program Co-ordinator: Caroline Larrivée

Context

The built environment (which includes buildings, infrastructures, and transportation, energy and telecommunications networks and equipment) plays a crucial role in societies and economies such as Quebec’s where 70% of the GDP is linked to the tertiary sector. The provincial and local governments alike allocate considerable financial, technical and human resources for construction, management and maintenance of the built environment to ensure its physical integrity and durability. Our dependence on various infrastructures, and the high degree of interdependence between them, makes us more vulnerable when they break down or fail.  Moreover, depending on their location, some infrastructures and segments of networks can be critical; a system or infrastructure failure can result in serious consequences for the population.

Climate change raises some serious issues for several types of infrastructure, because their design is based on the analysis of historical climate data, a model whose relevance is being questioned in the context of evolving climate conditions. The challenges are even greater when the infrastructure’s design life sometimes exceeds several decades, exposing it to different climate conditions than the ones for which it was designed.

Several non-climatic factors can make infrastructures even more vulnerable to climate change, such as ageing, poor planning and design practices, lack of adequate maintenance, and change of use. Land-use planning and development, which also influences the type and intensity of infrastructure use, is another major component in determining the magnitude and severity of impacts for the built environment and communities.

The current context seems the appropriate time to dedicate more efforts towards expanding our knowledge about the impacts on and vulnerabilities of the built environment under a changing climate, in addition to exploring adaptation strategies and mechanisms that can help the owners and managers of infrastructure to deal with these challenges.  Indeed, the vast investment programs planned for the coming years and decades in order to renew and rehabilitate existing infrastructures provide an opportunity for integrating such adaptation solutions.

However, despite growing interest among professionals involved in land-use and infrastructure development, it appears that although managers, both public and private, are aware of the issues, they are ill-equipped to cope with the added constraints (or opportunities) imposed by climate change, one factor among many that they have to take into account. In addition, several barriers (technical, financial, and especially organizational) impede the effective implementation of solutions.

 

Back to the top

Objectives

Ouranos’ scientific program on the Built Environment was developed in collaboration with a program committee composed of a wide range of stakeholders involved in this field who are concerned about climate change adaptation, including representatives from Quebec government departments (MAMROT, MTQ, MDDEP), municipal representatives and professionals from the private sector.

Although the impacts of climate change are increasingly known, decision-makers and professionals involved with the built environment lack the information and tools they need to better integrate climate change considerations into their work. Thus, the main goal of the Built Environment Program is to:

Contribute to reducing the vulnerabilities of the built environment in Quebec by:

  • Improving our understanding of climate change impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptations;
  • Promoting an interdisciplinary approach that will help produce results that are relevant and suited to the realities of stakeholders in adaptation issues;
  • Ensuring the efficient transfer of research results to stakeholders in adaptation issues.

The specific objectives that will lead to the main program goal are:

  • Improve the understanding of the consequences of climate change for the built environment and for the interactions between various  infrastructures;
  • Identify and assess the socioeconomic vulnerabilities that amplify the impacts;
  • Establish methods that better reflect the impacts-adaptation coupling so as to begin identifying the limits beyond which adaptation measures are necessary or highly recommended;
  • Identify and assess the barriers that impede the effective implementation of adaptation measures;
  • Update and develop tools to help adaptation stakeholders to  identify, assess, monitor and measure the performance of different adaptation options;
  • Develop mechanisms to ensure the effective transfer of adaptation knowledge and strategies between researchers and end users.

Even when limited to the South of Quebec, the theme of the Built Environment is extremely vast and potentially very complex due to the number and diversity of infrastructures, the geographic expanse of the region and the large number of stakeholders involved in the field.  Consequently, and recognizing that it would be difficult to address all aspects in depth, the Program seeks to  i) build on past achievements and focus on projects that involve adapting existing tools; ii) encourage interdisciplinary and multi-institutional projects ; iii) try to take into account the entire life cycle of the infrastructure (from design to the end of the service life).

Back to the top

Research projects in progress

Stormwater management and climate change
Principal researcher : Alain Mailhot (INRS-ÉTÉ)
2010 – 2013

Implementation of vegetated systems of on-site stormwater control in the urban environment in the context of climate change adaptation
Principal researcher : Danielle Dagenais (Université de Montréal)
2010-2012 

Analysis of climate change adaptation applied to municipal policies and urban realities at the neighbourhood scale: case study of Montreal
Principal researcher : Laurent. Lepage (UQAM)
2010-2012

Climate change and urban transformation: an action-research project to strengthen the resilience of the Communauté métropolitaine de Québec
Principal researcher : Florent Joerin (Université Laval)
2010-2013

Analysis of societal and land-use related vulnerabilities to flooding in urban areas in the context of climate change: a Montreal case study
Principal researcher: Isabelle Thomas Maret (Université de Montréal)
2010-2012
Élaboration d’un document normatif sur l’aménagement de stationnements dans le cadre de la lutte aux îlots de chaleur urbains
Principal researcher : Paul Gardon (Bureau de normalisation du Québec)
2010-2012
Adaptation of municipal infrastructures in Quebec to climate change impacts
Principal researcher : Isabel Tardif (CERIU)
2010-2013
Impacts des changements climatiques sur les chaussées des réseaux routiers Québécois
Principal researcher : Guy Doré et Jean Pascal Bilodeau (Université Laval)
2011-2013
Impacts et adaptations aux changements climatiques des infrastructures municipales en eau de la rivière des Prairies

Principal researcher: Sarah Dorner, École Polytechnique de Montréal

2011-2012

Développement de fiches techniques à l'intention des ingénieurs présentant des scénarios de changements climatiques pour des indicateurs reliés aux infrastructures

Principal researcher:   Diane Chaumont, Ouranos

2011-2012

Back to the top

Research projects ended

Impacts et adaptation liés aux changements climatiques (CC) en matière de drainage urbain au Québec
Report

Principal researcher : Alain Mailhot (INRS-ÉTÉ)
2004-2006

Simulation of adaptation measures to climate change: urban drainage
Project manager: Hervé Logé, Ville de Montréal
2007-2009

Design and planning for the renewal of stormwater management infrastructure in a context of adaptation to climate change

Report

Principal researcher :Alain Mailhot (INRS-ÉTÉ)
2007-2008

Climate change adaptation plans: guide of municipalities
Report

Project manager: Caroline Larrivée, Ouranos
2008

 

Ouranos

550 Sherbrooke West, West Tower, 19th floor, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B9, Canada
Tel.: (514) 282-6464 Fax: (514) 282-7131
E-mail: webmestre@ouranos.ca